Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals Short Questions | biology Class 11 CBSE

ByteNotes

Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals Short Questions | biology Class 11 CBSE | ByteNotes.in

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 1

Quick Recall

What is a tissue? How does it differ from an organ?

A tissue is a group of similar cells along with intercellular substances that perform a specific function in the body.
An organ is formed when two or more types of tissues are organised in a specific proportion and pattern to perform a particular function.
Thus, a tissue is a simpler level of organisation composed of one cell type, while an organ is a more complex level made up of multiple tissue types, such as the heart which contains all four tissue types.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 2

Quick Recall

Name the four basic types of tissues found in complex animals. Give one example of an organ containing all four types.

The four basic types of tissues are: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscular tissue and neural tissue.
All four tissue types are found in the human heart.
These four tissue types are organised in specific proportions and patterns in every organ to ensure proper structure and function.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Hard difficulty • Direct answer format

Hard

Question 3

Quick Recall

Distinguish between morphology and anatomy as used in the context of animals.

Morphology refers to the study of the form or externally visible features of an organism or its organs.
Anatomy, used conventionally for animals, refers to the study of the morphology of internal organs.
Thus morphology deals with external appearance while anatomy deals with internal structural organisation, both of which are studied in the frog in this chapter.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Hard difficulty • Direct answer format

Hard

Question 4

Quick Recall

What is the scientific name and taxonomic position of the most common frog found in India?

The most common frog found in India is Rana tigrina, also called the Indian bullfrog.
It belongs to class Amphibia of phylum Chordata.
Being an amphibian, it can live both on land and in freshwater.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 5

Quick Recall

What are poikilotherms? How does this characteristic affect the behaviour of frogs?

Poikilotherms are cold-blooded animals whose body temperature varies with the temperature of the surrounding environment, unlike warm-blooded animals.
Because of this, frogs cannot regulate their body temperature internally and must seek shelter during extreme temperatures.
During peak summer, frogs undergo aestivation, and during peak winter, they undergo hibernation by sheltering in deep burrows.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 6

Quick Recall

Explain the phenomenon of mimicry in frogs and state its biological significance.

Mimicry in frogs refers to their ability to change body colour when in different environments, such as grasses or dry land.
This colour change acts as a protective coloration (camouflage) that helps them hide from their predators.
Mimicry is thus a survival adaptation that reduces the chances of frogs being detected and eaten by enemies.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 7

Quick Recall

Describe the external features of the skin of a frog and explain how water intake occurs.

The skin of a frog is smooth and slippery due to the presence of mucus, and it is always maintained in a moist condition.
The dorsal side is olive green with dark irregular spots for camouflage, while the ventral side is uniformly pale yellow.
Frogs do not drink water at all; instead, they absorb water directly through their moist, highly vascularised skin.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 8

Quick Recall

What is the nictitating membrane? What is its function in frogs?

The nictitating membrane is a transparent membrane that covers the eyes of frogs.
It protects the eyes of the frog while it is submerged in water.
The eyes of frogs are bulged, and this membrane serves as a shield that allows vision while simultaneously offering protection in an aquatic environment.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Hard difficulty • Direct answer format

Hard

Question 9

Quick Recall

State the features that distinguish a male frog from a female frog.

Male frogs possess sound-producing vocal sacs that are absent in female frogs.
Male frogs also have a copulatory pad on the first digit of the forelimb, which females lack.
These differences between the sexes are referred to as sexual dimorphism in frogs.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 10

Quick Recall

Why is the alimentary canal of a frog short? Trace the path of food through the alimentary canal.

The alimentary canal of frogs is short because frogs are carnivores and carnivorous animals require shorter intestines for digestion compared to herbivores.
Food passes through: mouth → buccal cavity → pharynx → oesophagus → stomach → intestine → rectum → cloaca → cloacal aperture.
Food is captured by the bilobed tongue and finally undigested waste exits through the cloaca.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 11

Quick Recall

What is chyme? How is it formed and where does it go after formation?

Chyme is partially digested food formed in the stomach of the frog by the action of HCl and gastric juices secreted from the stomach walls.
After formation, chyme passes from the stomach to the first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum.
In the duodenum, chyme receives bile from the gall bladder and pancreatic juice from the pancreas through a common bile duct for further digestion.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 12

Quick Recall

What are villi and microvilli? Where are they found and what is their function?

Villi and microvilli are numerous finger-like folds present on the inner wall of the intestine in frogs.
They are located in the intestine and their primary function is to absorb the finally digested food.
These finger-like projections greatly increase the surface area of the intestinal wall, making absorption of nutrients more efficient.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 13

Quick Recall

Describe cutaneous respiration in frogs. Under what conditions is it the only mode of respiration?

Cutaneous respiration is the process by which the skin of the frog acts as the aquatic respiratory organ; dissolved oxygen in water is exchanged through the skin by diffusion.
This type of respiration occurs when the frog is submerged in water.
During aestivation and hibernation, when the frog is sheltered in burrows, cutaneous respiration through the skin is the sole mode of gaseous exchange.

ByteNotes

Premium Access

Unlock all Short Questions

You are viewing 13 free short questions from this chapter. Upgrade to Premium to unlock the remaining 12 questions.

Upgrade to Premium12 questions locked

Chapter sections

Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals | Short Questions

What is a tissue? How does it differ from an organ?

Name the four basic types of tissues found in complex animals. Give one example of an organ containing all four types.

Distinguish between morphology and anatomy as used in the context of animals.

What is the scientific name and taxonomic position of the most common frog found in India?

What are poikilotherms? How does this characteristic affect the behaviour of frogs?

Explain the phenomenon of mimicry in frogs and state its biological significance.

Describe the external features of the skin of a frog and explain how water intake occurs.

What is the nictitating membrane? What is its function in frogs?

State the features that distinguish a male frog from a female frog.

Why is the alimentary canal of a frog short? Trace the path of food through the alimentary canal.

What is chyme? How is it formed and where does it go after formation?

What are villi and microvilli? Where are they found and what is their function?

Describe cutaneous respiration in frogs. Under what conditions is it the only mode of respiration?

Unlock all Short Questions