Chapter planning: Planning Short Questions | business studies Class 12 CBSE

ByteNotes

Chapter planning: Planning Short Questions | business studies Class 12 CBSE | ByteNotes.in

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 1

Quick Recall

What is the meaning of planning as a management function?

Planning means deciding in advance what to do and how to do it, making it one of the basic managerial functions.
It involves setting objectives for a given time period and formulating various courses of action to achieve them.
Planning bridges the gap between the present position of an organisation and where it wants to reach in the future.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 2

Quick Recall

How does planning provide direction to an organisation?

Planning clearly states in advance how work is to be done, providing a guide for what action should be taken and in which direction.
Well-defined goals make employees aware of what the organisation and they must do to achieve those goals.
Departments and individuals are able to work in coordination, preventing them from working in different directions.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 3

Quick Recall

Explain how planning reduces the risk of uncertainty.

Planning is an activity that enables managers to look ahead and anticipate changes in the business environment.
By deciding tasks in advance, planning shows the way to deal with changes and uncertain future events.
While events cannot be eliminated, managerial responses to anticipated changes can be developed through planning.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Easy difficulty • Direct answer format

Easy

Question 4

Quick Recall

Why is planning considered the primary function of management?

Planning lays down the base for all other functions of management such as organising, staffing, directing, and controlling.
All other managerial functions are performed within the framework of the plans that have been drawn up.
This is also referred to as the 'primacy of planning' — planning precedes and provides direction to all other managerial functions.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 5

Quick Recall

What does it mean to say that planning is pervasive?

Planning is required at all levels of management — top, middle, and lower — as well as across all departments of the organisation.
It is not an exclusive function of top management or any particular department; however, the scope of planning differs at different levels.
Top management plans for the organisation as a whole, middle management does departmental planning, and supervisors handle day-to-day operational planning.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 6

Quick Recall

Explain why planning is described as a continuous process.

Plans are prepared for a specific period — a month, a quarter, or a year — and at the end of that period, a new plan must be drawn up.
The new plan is based on new requirements and future conditions, making planning an ongoing, uninterrupted activity.
This continuity is related to the planning cycle: a plan is framed, implemented, and then followed by another plan, and so on.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 7

Quick Recall

In what sense is planning described as a mental exercise?

Planning requires the application of the mind, involving foresight, intelligent imagination, and sound judgement.
It is an intellectual activity of thinking rather than doing, as planning determines the action to be taken rather than executing it.
Planning requires logical and systematic thinking based on the analysis of facts and forecasts, not guesswork or wishful thinking.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 8

Quick Recall

How does planning facilitate decision making?

Planning helps managers look into the future and make a choice from among various alternative courses of action.
The manager evaluates each alternative and selects the most viable option, making planning and decision making closely interlinked.
Planning involves setting targets and predicting future conditions, which provides the rational basis for making sound decisions.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 9

Quick Recall

Explain how planning establishes standards for controlling.

Planning involves setting goals or standards that serve as benchmarks against which actual performance is measured.
By comparing actual performance with these standards, managers can determine whether objectives have been achieved.
If deviations exist, corrective action can be taken, making planning a prerequisite for the controlling function.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 10

Quick Recall

How does planning reduce overlapping and wasteful activities?

Planning serves as the basis for coordinating activities and efforts across different divisions, departments, and individuals.
Since planning ensures clarity in thought and action, work is carried on smoothly without interruptions or misunderstandings.
Useless and redundant activities are minimised or eliminated, and inefficiencies are easier to detect and correct.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 11

Quick Recall

Why does planning lead to rigidity in organisations?

A well-defined plan specifies goals to be achieved within a specific time frame, and managers may find it difficult to deviate from it.
Following a pre-decided plan even when circumstances have changed may not serve the organisation's best interest.
Managers need some flexibility to cope with changed conditions, but rigid plans often prevent this adaptability.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 12

Quick Recall

Why is planning said to involve huge costs?

Drawing up plans involves significant costs in terms of time and money, such as checking accuracy of facts and making scientific calculations.
There are incidental costs such as expenses on boardroom meetings, discussions with professional experts, and preliminary investigations.
The costs incurred in formulating plans sometimes may not justify the benefits derived from them.

ByteNotes

Short Answer

Medium difficulty • Direct answer format

Medium

Question 13

Quick Recall

How does planning reduce creativity in an organisation?

Planning is typically carried out by top management, and middle management and other members are simply expected to implement these plans.
Decision makers below the top level are neither allowed to deviate from plans nor permitted to act on their own, stifling initiative.
Employees tend to think along the same lines as others and do not attempt to formulate new plans, reducing innovation.

ByteNotes

Premium Access

Unlock all Short Questions

You are viewing 13 free short questions from this chapter. Upgrade to Premium to unlock the remaining 12 questions.

Upgrade to Premium12 questions locked

Chapter sections

Chapter planning: Planning | Short Questions

What is the meaning of planning as a management function?

How does planning provide direction to an organisation?

Explain how planning reduces the risk of uncertainty.

Why is planning considered the primary function of management?

What does it mean to say that planning is pervasive?

Explain why planning is described as a continuous process.

In what sense is planning described as a mental exercise?

How does planning facilitate decision making?

Explain how planning establishes standards for controlling.

How does planning reduce overlapping and wasteful activities?

Why does planning lead to rigidity in organisations?

Why is planning said to involve huge costs?

How does planning reduce creativity in an organisation?

Unlock all Short Questions