Chapter 1: Resources and Development Application Questions | geography Class 10 CBSE

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Chapter 1: Resources and Development Application Questions | geography Class 10 CBSE | ByteNotes.in

Application Question

Medium difficulty • Concept in a practical situation

Medium

Question 1

Applied Concept

A farmer in Rajasthan wants to cultivate crops on his arid land. With reference to the characteristics of arid soils, advise him on the steps he should take to make the land productive.

Arid soils in Rajasthan are sandy, saline, and deficient in humus and moisture; the kankar layer in the lower horizons restricts water infiltration, making natural cultivation difficult.
The farmer should invest in proper irrigation infrastructure — the chapter notes that arid soils can become cultivable after proper irrigation, as demonstrated in western Rajasthan.
He should also adopt soil improvement measures such as adding organic matter to build humus content, breaking the kankar layer where possible, and using drought-resistant crop varieties suited to sandy soils.

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Application Question

Medium difficulty • Concept in a practical situation

Medium

Question 2

Applied Concept

With reference to resource planning in India, explain why the state of Ladakh requires special consideration in national development plans.

Ladakh is a cold desert that is relatively isolated from the rest of the country; it has a very rich cultural heritage but is deficient in water, infrastructure, and some vital minerals.
Unlike mineral-rich states like Jharkhand or water-rich states like Arunachal Pradesh, Ladakh faces multiple deficiencies simultaneously, requiring integrated and specially tailored development plans.
National development planning must account for Ladakh's unique geographic isolation and resource constraints by investing in water sourcing, infrastructure connectivity, and local capacity building while preserving its cultural heritage.

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Application Question

Medium difficulty • Concept in a practical situation

Medium

Question 3

Applied Concept

A tea plantation owner in Karnataka is concerned about soil erosion on her hillside estate. Suggest soil conservation measures appropriate for her situation, with reference to the chapter.

Laterite soils found in Karnataka are prone to erosion and degradation due to their position on the landscape, making soil conservation critical for sustainable tea cultivation.
The owner should practise contour ploughing — ploughing along contour lines decelerates water flow down slopes and reduces erosion effectively in hilly terrain.
She should also consider terrace cultivation (cutting steps on slopes) to create flatter surfaces, reducing runoff, and plant shelter belts or vegetative cover between rows to further stabilise the soil.

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Application Question

Medium difficulty • Concept in a practical situation

Medium

Question 4

Applied Concept

A village panchayat has decided to declare a local pond and grazing land as community resources. Explain the concept of community resources and the importance of this decision.

Community resources are those to which every member of the community has access; village ponds, public parks, grazing grounds, and burial grounds are classic examples.
Declaring the pond and grazing land as community resources ensures that all villagers — including the poor — have access to water and pastureland rather than having these captured by powerful individuals.
This decision supports equitable distribution of resources, which the chapter identifies as essential for sustained quality of life, preventing the accumulation of resources in few hands and the resulting social division into haves and have nots.

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Application Question

Hard difficulty • Concept in a practical situation

Hard

Question 5

Applied Concept

A state government is planning to expand agricultural land by converting forest areas in the Deccan plateau region. Evaluate the consequences of this decision with reference to land use patterns discussed in the chapter.

Converting forest land to agriculture will further reduce India's already insufficient forest cover, which is far below the 33 per cent recommended by the National Forest Policy of 1952.
Forests on the Deccan plateau play a critical ecological role by maintaining watershed stability, supporting biodiversity, and preventing soil erosion — their removal will worsen land degradation.
The chapter emphasises that irrational use and overexploitation of resources lead to ecological crises including land degradation; instead, the government should focus on increasing productivity of existing agricultural land through sustainable practices rather than expanding at the cost of forests.

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Application Question

Medium difficulty • Concept in a practical situation

Medium

Question 6

Applied Concept

With reference to the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, explain how international cooperation is essential for sustainable resource management.

At the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, more than 100 heads of state addressed urgent problems of environmental protection and socio-economic development, recognising that resource problems are global in nature.
The Declaration on Global Climatic Change and Biological Diversity, and the adoption of Agenda 21, demonstrated that countries must cooperate because pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss cross national boundaries.
Agenda 21's goal of every local government preparing its own Local Agenda 21 shows how international commitments must cascade down to local action, making resource management a shared responsibility at all levels.

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Chapter sections

Chapter 1: Resources and Development | Application Questions

A farmer in Rajasthan wants to cultivate crops on his arid land. With reference to the characteristics of arid soils, advise him on the steps he should take to make the land productive.

With reference to resource planning in India, explain why the state of Ladakh requires special consideration in national development plans.

A tea plantation owner in Karnataka is concerned about soil erosion on her hillside estate. Suggest soil conservation measures appropriate for her situation, with reference to the chapter.

A village panchayat has decided to declare a local pond and grazing land as community resources. Explain the concept of community resources and the importance of this decision.

A state government is planning to expand agricultural land by converting forest areas in the Deccan plateau region. Evaluate the consequences of this decision with reference to land use patterns discussed in the chapter.

With reference to the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992, explain how international cooperation is essential for sustainable resource management.

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