Chapter 1: Resources and Development Short Questions | geography Class 10 CBSE

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Chapter 1: Resources and Development Short Questions | geography Class 10 CBSE | ByteNotes.in

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Question 1

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What is a resource? State the conditions that must be met for something to be called a resource.

A resource is anything available in the environment that can be used to satisfy our needs.
It must be technologically accessible, meaning humans have the technology to use it.
It must be economically feasible and culturally acceptable to the society using it.

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Question 2

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Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources with one example each.

Renewable resources can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical, or mechanical processes; e.g., solar energy and wind energy.
Non-renewable resources take millions of years to form and cannot be replenished quickly once exhausted; e.g., coal, petroleum.
The key difference lies in the rate of regeneration — renewable resources replenish within a human timescale while non-renewable ones do not.

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Question 3

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What are the three major problems caused by the indiscriminate use of resources?

Depletion of resources for satisfying the greed of a few individuals.
Accumulation of resources in few hands, dividing society into rich and poor (haves and have nots).
Indiscriminate exploitation leading to global ecological crises such as global warming, ozone layer depletion, and land degradation.

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Question 4

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What is Agenda 21? When and where was it signed?

Agenda 21 is a declaration signed by world leaders at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) in 1992.
It was adopted at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and aims at achieving global sustainable development.
Its main objectives include combating environmental damage, poverty, and disease through global cooperation on common interests and shared responsibilities.

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Question 5

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What are the three steps involved in resource planning in India?

Identification and inventory of resources across the regions of the country through surveying, estimation, and measurement.
Evolving a planning structure with appropriate technology, skill, and institutional setup for implementing resource development plans.
Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans to ensure balanced growth.

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Question 6

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State Gandhiji's view on resource conservation. How did he explain the cause of resource depletion?

Gandhiji stated: 'There is enough for everybody's need and not for anybody's greed,' emphasising sufficiency over excess.
He identified greedy and selfish individuals and the exploitative nature of modern technology as root causes of resource depletion.
He was against mass production and wanted to replace it with production by the masses to prevent overexploitation.

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Question 7

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What is sustainable development? Who introduced this concept?

Sustainable development means development should take place without damaging the environment.
It also means that development in the present should not compromise the needs of future generations.
The concept was introduced by the Brundtland Commission Report in 1987 and published in the book 'Our Common Future'.

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Question 8

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Name the three major Himalayan river systems that have deposited alluvial soil in the northern plains.

The Indus river system has deposited alluvial soil in the northern and north-western plains.
The Ganga river system has deposited alluvial soil across the vast Indo-Gangetic plains.
The Brahmaputra river system has contributed alluvial deposits in the north-eastern plains and delta regions.

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Question 9

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Distinguish between Bangar and Khadar soils.

Bangar is old alluvial soil found in the upper reaches of river valleys; it has a higher concentration of kanker nodules and is less fertile.
Khadar is new alluvial soil found closer to river valleys; it has more fine particles and is more fertile than bangar.
Both are types of alluvial soil but differ in age, location, kanker content, and fertility.

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Question 10

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Why is black soil also called regur soil or black cotton soil? State its key physical characteristics.

Black soil is called regur soil from a regional term and black cotton soil because it is ideal for growing cotton.
It is made of extremely fine clayey material with high capacity to hold moisture.
It is rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime, but generally poor in phosphoric content.

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Chapter 1: Resources and Development | Short Questions

What is a resource? State the conditions that must be met for something to be called a resource.

Distinguish between renewable and non-renewable resources with one example each.

What are the three major problems caused by the indiscriminate use of resources?

What is Agenda 21? When and where was it signed?

What are the three steps involved in resource planning in India?

State Gandhiji's view on resource conservation. How did he explain the cause of resource depletion?

What is sustainable development? Who introduced this concept?

Name the three major Himalayan river systems that have deposited alluvial soil in the northern plains.

Distinguish between Bangar and Khadar soils.

Why is black soil also called regur soil or black cotton soil? State its key physical characteristics.

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